This post was substantially updated from the one originally published February 28, 2020.
Countdown to CECL: A timeline for credit unions
April 1, 2022
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Preparing for 2023
Credit unions have a 2023 deadline for CECL implementation, leaving limited time to refine their processes. This timeline will help plan the transition.
Takeaway 1
"Analysis paralysis" and the pandemic put CECL implementation on the backburner for many credit unions.
Takeaway 2
Credit unions getting started with CECL should consider possible partnerships and assess their data.
Takeaway 3
In 2022, consistency is key. Each quarter represents an opportunity to make progress on CECL implementation.
Large SEC filers have officially adopted the current expected credit loss standard, or CECL, for recognizing credit losses, and other financial institutions are eager to learn from their CECL implementation efforts. While credit unions have until 2023 until they must comply with CECL, many institutions were caught up in “analysis paralysis” in their transition, delaying their preparations. Add a global pandemic to the mix, and CECL implementation has been on the back burner for many financial institutions. Experts and 2020 adopters have repeatedly stressed the importance of preparing early. “If you’ve kind of been dragging your feet on this, now is the time,” said Brandon Quinones, Director of Client Education at Abrigo. “The bottom line is, there are no benefits to starting early because it is no longer early. The time is now to ensure you are ready for January 1, 2023.”
If you’re eager to get planning, but struggling to set goals for CECL implementation, review FASB's CECL Prep Kit and consider this timeline:
Transition with ease. Download a CECL implementation plan built for success
Keep me informed Download prep kitDetermining whether their data is accurate and thorough enough to estimate future losses can be a struggle for some credit unions. Thankfully, there are flexible options available depending on the type of data available to your institution.
“The standard gives you a lot of options on how to estimate future credit losses,” said Garver Moore, Managing Director of Abrigo Advisory Services. “And those different options have different data requirements, including the amount data you need, how far back it goes, and what that data covers. Yet, even if you have data, that doesn’t mean that you have intelligence. If you have 15 years of granular data as a small credit union, there might not be like a material loss in that entire dataset, which wouldn’t tell you anything meaningful.”
If a credit union finds that it lacks data, has inaccurate data, or struggles with data gaps, it will likely need to make assumptions based on peer or industry data. For a successful CECL implementation and to satisfy examiners, assessing the credit union’s data situation is a critical first step.
Methodology choice is vital in CECL implementation
Data availability should guide a credit union’s decision to leverage a particular methodology or methodologies. “It’s important to dispel the myth of, ‘I need to just try every option on every loan type,’ especially when it doesn’t map out to what the institution does,” advises Moore. While considering various scenarios is generally a good idea, there is no expectation to model every possible permutation. For example, some methodologies, like vintage analysis, can be ruled out quickly because the institution’s data is simply insufficient, and discounted cash flow or remaining life would be a better approach.
Regardless of the credit union’s methodologies, documenting the decision is critical. Not every methodology will work for a financial institution’s unique circumstances, and there will likely be significant back and forth during CECL committee discussions before a credit union determines the direction it wants to go in. Examiners, however, will lack the context of the discussions and strategies unless these processes are well-documented. Credit unions must ensure examiners understand why the institution ultimately decided on its chosen methodology.
Testing, discussing, and deciding do not happen overnight. Credit unions must devote enough time to each area for successful CECL implementation.
Looking ahead
CECL implementation stages for 2022
Based on the timeline graphic above, here are four stages of CECL implementation prep your institution can follow to stay on track before the 2023 deadline.
- Data and information
Four weeks into Q2 of 2022, institutions should ideally have selected a consultant or solution, identified gaps in their data, and determined a need for peer or external information. The good news for 2023 CECL adopters is that no set amount of data is required to produce a meaningful projection of future losses. Different amounts of data are necessary for different CECL methodologies, and a certain amount of data, in an information sense, is required to estimate likely defaults or losses in different economic environments. Learn more about efficient data and information assessment in the first webinar in the CECL Streamlined series.
- Model development
After data collating, your institution should be building candidate models, sensitizing to inputs, and testing against benchmark expectations. Many financial institutions adopting CECL decide that external information is required to construct a meaningful estimate for at least one material portfolio segment. However, peer selection without a way to determine likely measurement outcomes can lead to unpleasant surprises and do-overs, creating awkward decision trails to explain. Join a peer selection webinar to review best practices for identifying potential peer institutions for your estimation and discuss some “worst practices” to avoid during CECL implementation.
- Qualitative framework
At this stage, your institution should address model weaknesses and incorporate model uncertainty. Weaknesses vary, so prepare your institution for calibrating the historical loss basis, whether peer-based or based on internal experience, to anticipated economic conditions, as well as for projecting those same conditions. Learn successful strategies other institutions have used to calibrate their loss experience at Abrigo's "Implementing Forecasting and Loss Projection" webinar.
- Operationalize model
In the final stage of this CECL implementation timeline, institutions should conduct retrospective parallel calculations and sensitivity tests to different environments. Financial institutions should understand how uncertainty about the future provides an important lever to calibrate allowance results and how that uncertainty can be used to establish a ‘baseline’ of allocation. Learn how to use uncertainty in a simple CECL framework during the last CECL Streamlined webinar: "Sensitizing, Forecasting, and Qualitative Adjustments."
As the 2023 deadline becomes less distant, credit unions will need to devote a significant amount of time and resources to their CECL processes. But with organization, determination, and expert assistance, they can build a credible and efficient model, overcome roadblocks, and stay on time.
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